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Anti Infective Agents

Antimicrobial agents are from different classes of molecules that suppress multiplication and growth of or kill microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses. The precise mechanism of action of some antimicrobial agents is unknown but they must interact with or cross the cell membrane to have an effect. Identification of the damage induced by these compounds is difficult due to the complexity of cell membranes. Studying interactions using membrane models is a first step in obtaining elementary information about the effects of such drugs. We discuss interaction studies in the recent literature that use calorimetric techniques, regarding the mechanism of action or side effects of antimicrobial agents.

Antimicrobials are one of the most successful forms of chemotherapy and have been used to save the human population from the threat of infectious diseases. The emergence of microbial resistance to conventional antibiotics is a serious threat to the effectiveness of current antimicrobial therapy. To counteract antimicrobial resistance, discovery of novel antimicrobial agents to counteract the antibiotic-resistant strains is one of the major medical concerns of the 21st century. However, taking into consideration the current dynamics of development of drug resistance in the clinical isolates there is no assurance that new antimicrobials can overcome the problem.

Antiinfectives are also classified in the following groups:

  • Antiinfectives and antiseptics for local oral treatment
  • Combinations for eradication of Helicobacter pylori
  • Intestinal antiinfectives
  • Antifungals for dermatological use
  • Antibiotics and chemotherapeutics for dermatological use
  • Corticosteroids, combinations with antibiotics
  • Ointment dressings with antiinfectives
  • Antiinfectives for treatment of acne
  • Gynecological antiinfectives and antiseptics
  • Antiparasitic products, insecticides and repellents
  • Antibiotics
  • Eye and ear preparations with antiinfectives

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